What factors can influence speech and language development in children?

The choice highlighting hearing ability, family history, and exposure to language is correct because these factors are foundational elements that significantly impact speech and language development in children.

Hearing ability is crucial since children must be able to hear sounds and speech for effective language acquisition. If a child has hearing impairments, it can lead to delays in both speech and language skills since they may not fully perceive the sounds or patterns of language.

Family history plays a significant role as well, as genetic factors can influence cognitive and linguistic capabilities. If there is a familial history of speech or language disorders, a child may be at a higher risk of experiencing similar challenges.

Exposure to language encompasses the child's interactions and experiences with spoken language in their environment, including conversations with caregivers and exposure to rich speech environments. The quantity and quality of language input can foster vocabulary development, grammar skills, and overall language proficiency.

In contrast, factors such as age and geographic location, while they may contribute to some extent, do not directly influence speech and language development as strongly as those mentioned in the correct option. Eating habits and physical activity, as well as visual skills and mathematical proficiency, are generally unrelated to the direct development of speech and language skills.