What factor should be considered first when assessing the speech sound production of students with congenital disorders?

When assessing the speech sound production of students with congenital disorders, the results of a hearing exam should be considered first because hearing plays a crucial role in the development of speech and language skills. Individuals with hearing impairments may have difficulty perceiving sounds accurately, which can directly affect their ability to produce speech sounds correctly. Before evaluating other aspects such as stimulability, physiological differences, or spontaneous speech sound inventory, understanding the student's hearing ability provides foundational information that influences the assessment and intervention process. If a hearing impairment exists, it may necessitate specific strategies or considerations for effective speech sound production support. Thus, prioritizing the results of the hearing exam ensures that any interventions are appropriately tailored to the child's needs based on their auditory capabilities.